Introduction: Educational-research environment and social factors of internal factors of universityinfluencingtheacademicself-efficacyresearchstudents.The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of educational - research environment andsocial factor on the research self-efficacy of students of Mashhad University of Medical sciences.

Method: This is across sectional analytic study. Subjects were all of students of Faculties of Nursing and Midwifery, Pharmacy, Dentistry and Medicine . One hundred and eighty five students participated in this study who were selected according to the stratified sampling method. In this study, three questionnaires were used to collect information:1) educational - research environment, 2) social factor of university and 3) research self-efficacy.

Results: There was a significant positive relationship between educational - research environment, social factors of university and its components, with research self-efficacy of students (P<0.01). Research self-efficacy is predictable through educational- research environment, social factors of university and its components. The resultsshowedthat the situationis notdesirable for conducting research.Also in terms ofthe total scale of research, self –efficacy, there was no significantdifferencebetweenmale and female students (P= 0.54).Multivariateanalysis showed that between male andfemale students, research self-efficacyOnly in sub- component of self-efficacy in skills P<0.01.