1 2251-7065 Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd 1399 Medical Education Editorial b b Professor, Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Non-communicable Diseases Research Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences 1 3 2023 17 4 241 241 05 03 2023 05 03 2023
1348 Medical Education Comparison of the Effect of two E-learning Methods, Problem Solving and Examination Question on Awareness; Attitude and Performance of Islamic Azad University –Maybod branch Nursing and Midwifery Students Regarding Hospital Infection Control in 2022 Esmaili Vardanjani Fatemeh c Shojaaddini Ardakani Tayebeh d Bitaraf Majid e Shadmani Dastjerdi Shakila f Marvastinia Ghazal g c B.A. Student, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Department of Midwifery, Maybod Islamic Azad University, Maybod, Iran d Faculty Member, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Department of Midwifery, Maybod Islamic Azad University, Maybod, Iran e Assistant professor, School of Basic Sciences, Statistics Department, Maybod Islamic Azad University, Maybod, Iran f B.A. Student, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Department of Midwifery, Maybod Islamic Azad University, Maybod, Iran g B.A. Student, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Department of Midwifery, Maybod Islamic Azad University, Maybod, Iran 1 3 2023 17 4 242 254 13 08 2022 06 12 2022 Introduction: Hospital infections are one of the most common health problems which can be controled by education. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of two e-learning methods (problem solving and examination of question) on awareness; Attitude and performance of Islamic Azad University–Maybod branch nursing and midwifery students regarding hospital infection control in 2022. Methods: The current study was a semi experimental in which 36 Islamic Azad University–Maybod branch nursing and midwifery students were randomly Probability Proportional to Size assigned to intervention(problem solving, examination question) and control groups (N=12) based on the entry and exit criteria using probability proportional to size method.  Education based on hospital infections booklet was assigned. Before and after the intervention, students’ knowledge, attitude and performance scores were evaluated using a standared questionnaire (alpha=0/82). The distribution of quantitative variables was done using the Kolmograph Smirnov test and parametric statistical tests (t_test/pair t_test/one way anova t test) considering the significance level of 0.05. Results: Comparing the scores of awareness (p=0.993), attitude (p=0.997) and performance (p=0.998) in the intervention groups; there is no significant difference and it means the same effect of two educational methods. Teaching two methods of problem solving – question and answer has no effect on improving students’ short-term attitude (p=0.172) and improving long-term performance scores (p=0.075). The effect of education in the two ways mentioned on improving awareness; Long-term attitude and short-term performance were significant (p<0.05). Conclusion: e-learning in two ways of problem solving-examination question in increasing the average scores of knowledge; Attitude and performance have been equally effective. 1352 Medical Education Investigating the Evaluation of the Internal Quality of the Curriculum of Islamic Education Courses from the Point of view of the Students of Birjand University of Medical Sciences based on Ralph Tyler's Model Akbarimotlagh Javad h Raeisun Mohammadreza i Mohammadi Yahya j h Assistant Professor, Faculty of Education and Islamic Education, Department of Education, Farhangian University, Tehran, Iran i Assistant Professor, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Social Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran and Cardiovascular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran j Member of Medical Education and Development Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran 1 3 2023 17 4 255 262 07 09 2022 01 01 2023 Introduction: Paying attention to the all-round development of students and teaching values and moral issues is always considered one of the important goals of educational systems in universities. Thus this study aimed to evaluate the internal quality of the Islamic studies courses curriculum based on Ralph Tyler's model and from the students' point of view at Birjand University of Medical Sciences. Methods: This is a descriptive-analytical study. The studied population of Birjand University of Medical Sciences students, based on the table of Karjesi and Morgan, 300 people were selected as a sample using available sampling method. A researcher-made questionnaire including 48 questions was used to collect information. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by medical education experts and the reliability of the questionnaire using Cronbach's alpha method was 87%. Data analysis was done using SPSS 16 software and descriptive statistics (frequency and percentage) and inferential statistics (one-sample t and independent t) were used. Results: The status of internal quality of the curriculum of Islamic education courses in the goal element from the students' point of view was medium to high, but the average (content, teaching and evaluation methods) was lower than the theoretical average (3) and the status of these elements was of low quality (P<0.05). Conclusion: The curriculum of education courses in universities should always be evaluated and the necessary revision should be done in order to promote the spiritual, moral and all-round development of students. 1357 Medical Education Identifying the Situation of Accountable Medical Science Education and Providing Implementation Solutions in Zanjan University of Medical Sciences from the Point of View of Experts in the Field of Education Alirezaei Samira k Arji Goli l k Assistant Professor, School of nursing and midwiffery, Department of health Service management, Saveh University of Medical Sciences, Saveh, Iran l Assistant Professor, School of nursing and midwiffery, Department of health information technology, Saveh University of Medical Sciences, Saveh, Iran 1 3 2023 17 4 263 272 18 09 2022 25 12 2022 Introduction: The importance of Accountable education and the necessity of its existence in medical sciences universities is so important that one of the major policies of transformation and innovation packages in medical sciences education is the institutionalization of the approach of responsive education in the health system. The aim of the current research was to identify the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats in the field of medical science education and provide implementation solutions in Zanjan University of Medical Sciences. Methods: The present research was carried out qualitatively in two stages in 2021 at Zanjan University of Medical Sciences. At first, a review of literature in Persian and English databases was done, and in the second stage, 21 managers of the university education field were purposefully selected to participate in the expert panel, and then findings were theoretically saturated. Data analysis was done using the Kruger method. Results: In this study, strengths, weakness, opportunities and threats in the field of responsive medical science education in Zanjan University of Medical Sciences were identified, and then implementation strategies to deal with the challenges using existing opportunities were investigated. Conclusion: Based on results the coordination and strengthening of the common attitude between the different vice-chancellors of the university and staff managers, the revision of the curriculum and training programs, the emergence of a common understanding of the concepts of accountability in medical science education among the various stakeholders and determining sufficient motivations in the university can provide the basis for improving social accountability in medical science education. 1350 Medical Education Readiness for E-learning among the Academics of Abadan University of Medical Sciences Golabi Sahar m Sheikhi Zahra n Almanie Ahlam o Mahshid Naghashpour p m Assistant professor of Medical Physiology, Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran n Medical Student, Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine, Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran o Phd student in Medical Physics, School of Medical Sciences, Department of Medical Physics, Tarbiatmodares University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran p Assistant professor of Nutrition, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran. MSc Student in Medical Education, Department of Medical Education, Virtual University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 1 3 2023 17 4 273 290 16 08 2022 01 01 2023 Introduction: Understanding user e-readiness is important to any e-learning program's success. The aim of this study was to investigate the e-learning readiness of students, faculty members, and employees of Abadan University of Medical Sciences. Methods: This cross-sectional-analytical study was conducted on 187 academicians. The Academics' E-Readiness Questionnaire (ARQ) was used to evaluate e-learning readiness. Results: The results of the Kruskal-Wallis test showed that there is a statistically significant difference in the mean rank of computer skills between students (82.5 ± 5.2), faculty members (140.1 ± 4.2), and employees (142.1 ± 3.9). So that the mean rank of faculty members and employees was significantly higher than that of students (P ≤ 0.001), the results of the Bivariate analysis showed that among the students, the number of workshops and seminars held on the topic of e-learning has a significant positive association with the mean rank of computer skills (P ≤ 0.001, r=0.343). Moreover, a Positive significant association between knowledge and attitude towards electronic education (r=0.172, P ≤ 0.001) was observed among the students. Besides, a significant negative association was found between work experience and attitude towards e-learning among faculty members (r=0.39, P=0.04). Conclusion: The expansion of e-learning can be achieved through increasing the attention to educational needs, existing Platforms, required infrastructures and facilities, knowledge and attitude of employees, faculty members, and students, and the reduction of the existing resistance to change among the experienced faculty members.   1381 Medical Education Visualization of Rokniyeh School in 14th and 15th Centuries AD Mirzaei Masoud Mirzaei Nikki Professor, Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Non-communicable Diseases Research Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences BA Student, Department of Painting, Faculty of Art, Al-Zahra University, Vanak- Tehran 1 3 2023 17 4 291 305 18 12 2022 08 02 2023 Introduction: Rokniyeh School was one of the largest and most important schools of Yazd during 14th and 15th centuries built in 1324 AD by Seyyed-Rokn-al-Din Abul-Makaram Mohammad Qazi Hosseini-Yazdi. Few remnants of this school have been left behind, known as Seyyed-Rokn-al-Din Mausoleum. This study aims to determine the boundaries and area of the school and to visualize it. Methods: In this study, with the aid of historical sources and aerial maps, as well as the map of old schools of the same era, the possible boundaries and area of the school was determined and illustrated by Adobe Illustrator Version 2020. Also, a model of the school was visualized. Additionally, details about the budget and function of the school’s clinic (Dar-al-Shefa) and pharmacy (Beit-al-Advieh) was investigated using its historical endowment and other resources. Results: Based on the length and width of the specified space in the west, east and north of Seyyed Rokn-al-Din mausoleum, the area of the school was estimated to be about 4000 to 5000 m2. A view of the school building and movement mechanism of the water clock including its possible water path were illustrated. Conclusion: Rokniyeh School was the most important school in old Yazd, which had different parts, such as a library, mosque, clinic, guest house, monastery, water clock and observatory. Considering the current position of Yazd in higher education of Iran, it is suggested to establish a link between the history and its current position in higher education to inform students and academics about the historical background of higher education in Yazd.   1360 Medical Education Investigating the Level of Organizational Learning among Employees of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences parvin Ehsan Najafpour Ali najafpour hoda Graduated in Higher Education Management, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Department of Educational Management and Planning, Allameh Tabatabai University, Tehran, Iran General Medical, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran PhD student in science and technology policy management, Faculty of Economic and Administrative Sciences, Department of Management, Mazandaran University, Babolsar, Iran 1 3 2023 17 4 306 317 18 10 2022 06 12 2022 Introduction: In order to achieve a higher level of performance and success, organizations are always looking for the maximum benefit of organizational learning. Methods: The current research is a descriptive-applied cross-sectional study. The statistical population of this research included all the administrative and medical staff of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences in 1400-1401. Using Cochran's formula, a sample size of 530 people was obtained and by taking into account the depreciation factor of 20%, resulted in a sample size of 440 people. Sampling was simple random. The data collection tool was Marquardt's 1996 learning organization profile questionnaire, which included five dimensions of organization, knowledge, learning, technology, and people. In order to analyze the data, independent t-tests, analysis of variance and correlation analysis were used. Results: The results of this research showed that among the components of organizational learning, the lowest score for the technology dimension (22.63) and the highest score for the people dimension (25.71), based on the history related to the people dimension (25.87) and the lowest score for the dimension Technology (22.72) and the highest score based on the level of education related to the dimension of people among people with post-graduate and doctorate education was 29.69 and the lowest score related to the technology dimension among people with bachelor's education was 22.05. Conclusion: Based on this, the purpose of the current research is to investigate the level of organizational learning of the employees of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences. University managers can increase the organizational learning of employees by training and improving the organizational structure in their university.   1392 Medical Education A Study on the Collaborative Experiences of Faculty Members and Students Health-Oriented Transdisciplinary Process: Convergence of Science for Social Accountability Heydari Sara Ghanbari Mahdiye Bentolhoda Akhondzadeh Mirzaei Masoud Assistant Professor, Department of Medical Education, Medical Education and Development Center (EDC), Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran Post-doctoral Fellow, Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Non-communicable Disease Research Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran MS.C, School of Health, Department of Environmental health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Professor, Yazd CardiovascularResearch Center, Non-communicable Disease Research Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences 1 3 2023 17 4 318 333 21 01 2023 24 02 2023 Introduction: Transdisciplinary education is necessary for the improvement of life quality and social sustainable development. The convergence of science also provides the opportunity to achieve this goal through collaborative learning and by crossing imaginary boundaries of various fields of knowledge. This study was part of a project titled "Application of artificial intelligence for developing tools for virtual education and counseling for prevention, diagnosis, treatment and self-care of cardiac patients" The aim was to share the experiences of professors and students participating in this transdisciplinary health oriented activity. Methods: We used a qualitative method in this study. Purposive sampling and data collection was performed through a focused group discussion session and three individual semi-structured interviews. The process of data analysis was based on the Granham and Lundman method, and the accuracy of our data was examined with Guba and Lincoln criteria. Results: The participants included 22 students and faculty members of various disciplines of medical sciences, engineering and art. Classes and members of qualitative analysis included "individual development" (self-directed learning, self-confidence, responsibility) and "social development" (transdisciplinary vision, academic leadership and social responsibility). Conclusion: Many of the themes, such as self-directed learning, self-confidence, responsibility and transdisciplinary vision, are hidden curriculum components that students learn through participating in team and problem-solving activities. Interdisciplinary activities are also effective for empowering faculty members in areas like academic leadership and creating a multidisciplinary perspective to respond to the needs of society. 1351 Medical Education Effect of Lecture-Based Education, Role-Playing and Learning through Peers on Learning and Satisfaction among MBBS Students Yadav Anurag Kumar Manoj Paydala Nagababu Gundala Ravi Kumar Shamshad Hussain Mohammad Manaswini Yadav Golla Anmol LG Yadav Nandakumar Associate professor, Department of Biochemistry, MNR Medical College & Hospital, Sangareddy, Telangana, India Assistant professor, Department of Biochemistry, MNR Medical College & Hospital, Sangareddy, Telangana, India Professor, Department of Biochemistry, MNR Medical College & Hospital, Sangareddy, Telangana, India Professor & Head, Department of Biochemistry, MNR Medical College & Hospital, Sangareddy, Telangana, India Assistant professor, Department of Biochemistry, MNR Medical College & Hospital, Sangareddy, Telangana, India. Senior Resident, General Medicine Department, Sidhi Vinayaka Hospitals, Sangareddy, Telangana, India Professor, Department of Physiology, MNR Medical College & Hospital, Sangareddy, Telangana, India 1 3 2023 17 4 334 341 22 08 2022 07 02 2023 Introduction: The oldest and most popular teaching style in medicine and related fields is the lecture. They are affordable and at least as good at transferring knowledge as other instructional techniques. The present study aimed to assess the effect of lecture-based education, role-playing and learning through peers on learning and satisfaction among MBBS students. Methods: This descriptive study was conducted among the MBBS student studying at MNR Medical College & Hospital. Total of 446 students were approached to fill the predesigned questionnaire for the response. The questionnaire in Google form was shared to students via email, WhatsApp and Telegram (Google form link: https://forms.gle/YfkNojfV5az5Q6AW8). The questionnaire contained two sections, demographic information included age, gender, and year of course and second part included the 10 questions. Students expressed their views on the questionnaire expression based on a five point Likert scale. Results: Total of 340 students with mean age of 19.65±1.22 yrs responded to the questionnaire shared. Among them 61.8% were female students and 38.2% were male students. Most students responded with strongly agree for the role play mode of learning compared to the traditional lecture based learning and also peer learning (p<0.001). Conclusion: According to the findings, students are more satisfied with participatory methods such as role playing than with lecture and learning through peers. There were upsides for each method of learning in itself as responded by the participants. Keywords: Medical Education, Satisfaction, Role Play, Peer learning, Lecture 1363 Psychology Investigation of the Prevalence of Suicidal Thoughts among Medical Students: The Role of Academic Burnout Bagheri Sheykhangafshe Farzin Pournasrollah Fatemeh PhD Candidate in Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran Ph.D. Student in Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Ardabil branch, Ardabil, Iran 1 3 2023 17 4 342 343 24 10 2022 25 11 2022 Suicide is a multi-stage process including suicidal thoughts, planning to commit suicide, attempting to commit suicide, and taking action to end life; Therefore, suicidal thoughts are the first step to end life and one of the predictors of committing suicide (1). Suicidal thoughts are a type of preoccupation with death that has not yet taken on a practical aspect (2). Investigating suicide in medical students is of double importance because they are the active force of society (3). The most common reasons for committing suicide in this group include stress about education, relationship concerns, family problems, depression, hopelessness, anxiety, and financial concerns (4). A review study conducted in 43 countries of the world regarding the prevalence of depression and suicidal thoughts in medical students indicated a prevalence of 9.3 to 55.9 percent (5). Specifically, studies conducted in different countries also showed suicidal thoughts in medical students in Pakistan 36.6% (6), Egypt 12.7% (7), Bangladesh 17.6% (8), India 9% (9), Iran has a high prevalence of 16% (10). 1362 Medical Education Curriculum Studies Candidates’ Bewilderment on the Application of Behavioral Research Designs Abtahi Masumesadat Rezaeei Mohammad Javad Aghabagheri Mahdi Assistant Professor, Islamic Education School, Department of Curriculum Planning, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Associate Professor, Foreign Languages School, Department of Languages and Literature, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran Lecturer, Medical Education Department, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran 1 3 2023 17 4 344 345 24 10 2022 24 10 2022  One of the key problems for the candidates of 'curriculum studies' in the path of proposal writing and dissertation steps concerns behavioral research designs focusing on statistical analyses. This problem is a three-fold dilemma, namely: Educational policies, Research references, and Instructors